The biggest Trout in baseball’s river

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Photographed by yours truly at Angel Stadium, Trout begins a swing that hit one over the left center field fence.

Those looking forward to any kind of bidding war for baseball’s best player after the 2020 season, sorry to disappoint you. Really. Bryce Harper looking forward to him joining up with the Phillies, about an hour south of where he was born and raised, can quit looking now.

When the Phillies signed Harper for thirteen years and $330 million, I suggested that plus the Manny Machado deal in San Diego (ten years, $300 million) would do Mike Trout the biggest favour of anyone. And if ESPN’s Jeff Passan is right, and the Angels are putting the finishing touch on a contract extension that’ll pay him $36 million a year for ten years after his current deal expires after the 2020 season, then I was right, too.

The one supposition in baseball today that nobody was going to contradict is that Trout was going to be an extremely wealthy young man. In human terms, he’ll still be a young man when the extension finishes its course, though in baseball terms he might be a senior citizen at age 40.

Including his 2019 and 2020 salaries Trout has $430 million coming until 2030. And he probably agreed to take less than he’s actually worth, which tells you the state of free agency now, but that wasn’t exactly Trout’s obsession. Staying with the only team he’s ever played for was probably far more important. For himself and for the game itself, since single-team careers were actually as comparatively rare before free agency as after. (And, yes, you can look it up.)

And if he keeps playing for at least half the term at the level he’s played since his first full major league season, Trout will graduate from legend to demigod, a status from which he’s not exactly long distance as it is now.

I’ve been tinkering with the concept of a real batting average for awhile. My original formulation didn’t quite satisfy, because I thought I needed to draw a better bead on figuring what a batter actually does by and for himself at the plate. The traditional batting average’s flaw is that it really should be considered a hitting average: it divides hits by official at-bats and treats all hits equally. Stop me if you get the idea at once.

But 1) all hits are not equal; and, 2) batters also draw unintentional walks and, believe it or not, perform sacrifices. If that seems like I’m approaching on-base percentage, yes, OBP is really a better way to measure a batter but it, too, accounts solely for official at-bats. So, out goes my original idea and in comes this measure: total bases (TB) plus walks (BB) plus sacrifices (SAC)  divided by plate appearances. Or, TB + BB + SAC / PA. Yes, I can think of any number of my childhood math teachers who’d need psychiatric attention after seeing me tinkering this way, since I was about as good a math student in school as B.B. King was at playing a vibraphone.

I’ve spent the past couple of days examining by that formula every Hall of Fame position player who played the majority of their careers in the post-World War II/post-integration/night baseball era. Here are the tables:

CATCHERS PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Ivan Rodriguez 10270 4451 513 107 .494
Gary Carter 9019 3497 848 132 .496
Carlton Fisk 9853 3999 849 105 .503
Yogi Berra 8359 3643 704 53 .526
Johnny Bench 8674 3644 891 101 .534
Roy Campanella 4815 2101 533 48 .557
Mike Piazza 7745 3768 759 45 .590
HOF AVG         .529

 

FIRST BASEMEN PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Tony Perez 10861 4532 925 115 .522
Orlando Cepeda 8698 3959 588 78 .532
Eddie Murray 12817 5397 1333 130 .535
Willie McCovey 9692 4219 1345 75 .582
Harmon Killebrew 9833 4143 1559 77 .588
Jeff Bagwell 9431 4213 1401 105 .606
Jim Thome 10313 4667 1747 75 .629
HOF AVG         .571

 

SECOND BASEMEN PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Bill Mazeroski 8379 2848 447 157 .412
Nellie Fox 10351 3347 719 256 .418
Red Schoendienst 9224 3284 606 116 .434
Craig Biggio 12504 4711 1160 182 .484
Rod Carew 10550 3998 1018 192 .494
Ryne Sandberg 9282 3787 761 102 .501
Roberto Alomar 10400 4018 1032 245 .509
Joe Morgan 11329 3962 1865 147 .527
Jackie Robinson 5804 2310 740 113 .545
HOF AVG         .489

 

SHORTSTOPS PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Luis Aparicio 11230 3504 736 177 .393
Ozzie Smith 10778 3084 1072 277 .411
Phil Rizzuto 6719 2065 651 195 .433
Pee Wee Reese 9470 3038 1210 176 .467
Alan Trammell 9376 3442 850 200 .479
Robin Yount 12249 4730 966 227 .484
Cal Ripken 12883 5168 1129 137 .499
Barry Larkin 9057 3527 939 126 .507
Ernie Banks 10395 4706 763 141 .540
HOF AVG         .414

 

THIRD BASEMEN PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Brooks Robinson 11782 4270 860 225 .455
Wade Boggs 10740 4064 1412 125 .522
Ron Santo 9397 3779 1108 107 .531
George Brett 11625 5044 1096 146 .541
Eddie Mathews 10100 4349 1444 94 .583
Chipper Jones 10614 4755 1512 100 .600
Mike Schmidt 10062 4404 1507 124 .600
HOF AVG         .547

 

LEFT FIELDERS PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Lou Brock 11240 4238 761 93     .453
Tim Raines 10359 3771 1330 115 .504
Rickey Henderson 13346 4588 2190 97 .515
Carl Yastrzemski 13992 5539 1845 118 .536
Jim Rice 9058 4129 670 99 .540
Billy Williams 10519 4599 1045 81 .550
Willie Stargell 9027 4190 937 84 .577
Ralph Kiner 6256 2852 1011 16 .620
Ted Williams 9788 4884 2021 25 .708
HOF AVG         .555

 

CENTER FIELDERS PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Richie Ashburn 9736 3196 1198 130 .465
Kirby Puckett 7831 3453 450 81 .509
Andre Dawson 10769 4787 589 142 .512
Larry Doby 6299 2621 871 45 .562
Ken Griffey, Jr. 11304 5271 1312 110 .592
Duke Snider 8237 3865 971 84 .597
Willie Mays 12496 6066 1464 104 .611
Mickey Mantle 9907 4511 1733 61 .636
HOF AVG         .561

 

RIGHT FIELDERS PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Tony Gwynn 10232 4259 790 130 .506
Roberto Clemente 10211 4492 621 102 .510
Dave Winfield 12358 5221 1216 114 .530
Al Kaline 11596 4852 1277 149 .541
Reggie Jackson 11418 4834 1375 81 .551
Vladimir Guerrero 9059 4506 737 64 .586
Frank Robinson 11742 5373 1420 119 .587
Hank Aaron 13941 6856 1402 142 .603
Stan Musial 12718 6134 1599 88 .615
HOF AVG         .559

 

DHs PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Paul Molitor 12167 4854 1094 184 .504
Harold Baines 11092 4604 1062 108 .520
Edgar Martinez 8674 3718 1283 87 .587
Frank Thomas 10075 4550 1667 121 .629
HOF AVG         .560

The average RBA among all those 69 Hall of Famers is .532. Eleven of them have RBAs of .600 or better: in ascending order, Chipper Jones (.600), Mike Schmidt (.600), Hank Aaron (.603), Jeff Bagwell (.606), Willie Mays (.611), Stan Musial (.615), Ralph Kiner (.620), Jim Thome (.629), Frank Thomas (.629), Mickey Mantle (.636), and Ted Williams (.708), with Williams the only one of the group above .700.

Now, I give you the $430 million Angel through the end of last season:

  PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Mike Trout 4673 2219 998 44 .698

Think about that a moment. In terms of a real batting average, accounting for all his plate appearances, the real value of his hits, plus his walks and sacrifices, Mike Trout has a higher real batting average than all but one post-World War II/post-integration/night baseball-era Hall of Famer, and he’s only behind Ted Williams by ten points while being ahead of runner-up Mickey Mantle by 31 points. (And, to put things into further perspective, Trout’s home ballpark isn’t exactly a hitter’s paradise.)

In case you were wondering, here’s where Bryce Harper and Manny Machado, the big nuggets of this winter/spring’s free agent class (whose home ballparks until now haven’t exactly been hitters’ paradises, either, though Nationals Park is more neutral), happen to sit lifetime so far:

  PA TB Walks Sacs RBA
Bryce Harper 3957 1693 585 43 .587
Manny Machado 4074 1810 296 43 .527

Bet on it: If Trout had hit his first free agency this winter/spring, Harper and Machado would have been footnotes by comparison. All three have played in all or parts of the same number of major league seasons (seven), all three have been considered among the game’s elite, but Trout leaves Harper and Machado far enough behind that they’ll need GPSs to keep an eye on him.

Now we can mention the secondary details, such as Trout is going to earn the highest average annual salary on the extension in baseball history, for now. Not to mention all reporting on the deal saying that Trout’s extension, like Harper’s new deal, has no opt-out clause and full no-trade protection. And, we can think aloud about the reasons beyond his baseball virtuosity that Trout was shown that kind of money: he may be the one player in baseball above all others now who couldn’t care less about it.

Baseball may have a real problem in making its best player the game’s face, but Trout isn’t exactly in a big hurry to cash in on the idea and never really was. If he got endorsements and television spots off the field, he didn’t go out of his way to hunt anything more. They came to him, he’d accept, but he wouldn’t lobby for more endorsements, bigger dollars from them, more branding from them. He’s the lowest maintenance superstar baseball’s seen in a couple of generations.

Maybe the only extravagance Trout was ever known to indulge (his known passion for meteorology is just that, a passion) was his proposal to the young woman who’s been his love since high school and his wife since December 2017—he hired a skywriting team to pour out, “Will you marry me Jess?”

Now, if only the Angels, who aren’t exactly in the poorhouse despite deciding to make Mike Trout worth the economy of a single tropical paradise, can figure out a way to build a team baseball’s best player and the no-questions-asked best ever to wear an Angel uniform can be proud of.

“First in war, first in peace, and pants on fire in the American League”

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The nation’s capital has nothing on the home of the Continental Congress for the nation’s lowest ratio of baseball success to the American experiment’s success.

Reviewing Hardball on the Hill, James C. Roberts’s history of baseball in (and under the jaundiced eye of) Washington before the Expos moved to become the Nationals, George F. Will observed, “Once upon a time, Washington had a baseball team, and it had a reputation: ‘Washington—First in war, first in peace, and last in the American League’.”

The taunt was first fashioned by San Francisco sportswriter Charles Dryden in 1909. The Washington Senators (whose official name was the Nationals from 1906 through the mid-1950s) weren’t exactly world beaters in their first nine years of life. Or, in their final nine years before moving to Minnesota for the 1961 season.

They finished sixth in 1901-1902 and then, in order: dead last, dead last, next to last, next to last, dead last, next to last, and last. They finished sixth in 1954, dead last in 1955, next to last in 1956, dead last from 1957-59, and fifth in 1950. In between, from 1910 through 1954, the hapless Nats (“The fans enjoy home runs, and we have assembled a pitching staff that is sure to please them,” longtime owner Clark Griffith is believed to have said some time in the 1940s) finished dead last—drumroll, please—three times.

In sixty seasons before moving out of town, the Original Nats had eight dead last finishes. Or, for those who understand baseball is percentage, only thirteen percent of the time they played in Washington did they finish in the American League’s basement. They had quite a passel of first-division finishes, and even won three pennants and a memorable (1924) World Series while they were at it.

The nation’s seat of government may have hosted an awful lot of modest baseball, but they have nothing on the home of the Continental Congress. The Philadelphia Athletics had several powerhouse teams and moved to Kansas City for 1954, but they also had twenty dead-last American League finishes between 1901 and 1960. (During the years they were suspected of being the Yankees’ AAAA farm team, the Kansas City Athletics finished sixth once and seventh three times, for those scoring at home.)

About the Phillies, we’ll be charitable and leave out their fortunes from their original National League entry in 1883 and keep it to 1901-1960, while mentioning that they did win a pair of pennants, in 1915 and 1950. The Phillies, too, had twenty dead-last finishes between 1901 and 1960. And you wonder why Philadelphia baseball fans are described as “cranky” when people wish to be polite?

They, too, had a legend of futility: some time during their darkest 1930s days, a disgruntled fan was said to have taken a paintbrush to a large team deodorant soap endorsement sign mounted on Baker Bowl’s high right field wall, leaving it to read: “The Phillies use Lifebuoy . . . and they STILL stink!”

What of the ancient and hapless St. Louis Browns, you ask? From their 1901 birth as the Milwaukee Brewers—they moved to St. Louis the following season—the Browns had only ten dead-last finishes to show for their futility. They managed to win one pennant, in 1944, only to lose the World Series to the likewise World War II-depleted Cardinals. Definitely not in Philadelphia’s league.

And what of the pre-Jackie Robinson Brooklyn Dodgers, reputed to be futile enough that a frustrated fan took ink to the Ebbets Field occupancy sign in the 1930s and made it read, “Occupation by more than 35,000 unlawful . . . and unlikely”? Dem Bums finished dead last only once between 1901 and their departure for Los Angeles. They finished as low as next-to-last only six times. They won three pennants pre-Robinson and, of course, six pennants and a World Series ring with him. Cartoonist Willard Mullin’s fabled Brooklyn Bum caricature, based on circus legend Emmett Kelly’s “Weary Willie” clown hobo, merely became only a slightly deceptive icon of futility.

Very well, I surrender. The Cubs. From 1901 forward it actually took them a full quarter century to experience their first dead-last finish, during which quarter century they actually won five pennants and two World Series. Since then, they’ve had only twelve dead-last finishes, and only five of them happened in the pre-divisional play era. They’ve had double-figure next-to-last finishes, but nothing along the line of Philadelphia’s historic futilities.

Yet it still didn’t take the Phillies as long to win a World Series the first time as it took the Cubs to win their third or the Red Sox to win their sixth. The Red Sox had a calamitous 1930s but their tally of dead-last finishes from 1901 through 1960 is ten. Since expansion and divisional play, the so-long-snakebitten Red Sox have come home dead last—wait for it!—three times. The Red Sox got snakebitten by way of getting to the mountaintop, seeing the Promised Land, and then getting surrealistically kicked to the rocks along the river bank below time and again until 2004; the Cubs were longtime awful and had only a couple of such kicks before they finally got back in 2016.

Good luck with “Philadelphia—First in freedom, first in peace, and last in the American and National Leagues.” It just doesn’t have the rockin’-in-rhythm of the taunt that taunted the Senators for decades. (Duke Ellington, native Washingtonian, one-time peanut sales lad at Senators games, used “Rockin’ in Rhythm” as the title of one of his earliest classics.) The taunt that might have been true enough at the time Dryden devised it, the taunt the Senators actually rendered false. Would that be the first time anything attached to or emanating from Washington proved false?

The Senators moving to Minnesota threw the proverbial monkey wrench into the American League’s expansion plan, which originally included new teams in Minneapolis (where the Giants abandoned their territorial rights after moving to San Francisco) and Los Angeles. So the league put a new franchise of Senators in place. And, as happens so often in the nation’s capital, that good deed didn’t go unpunished.

The good news: the Second Nats finished dead last only three times in their eleven Washington seasons. The bad news: They had two sixth-place finishes, two eight-place finishes, and a ninth-place finish otherwise, before the divisional play era began. In their three Washington seasons of division play, they finished, in order: fourth, sixth, and fifth. Then they, too, high tailed it out of town, this time to Arlington, Texas.

“We tend to remember beginnings and ends, and it’s certainly true that the American League’s first Washington baseball club had a lousy beginning and a lousy end,” wrote Rob Neyer in Rob Neyer’s Big Book of Baseball Lineups. “But the middle lasted quite a lot of years, and it wasn’t so bad at all.”

The era of Washington baseball that began when the Expos were moved there to become the Nationals hasn’t exactly been a journey into Dante’s Inferno, either. Though if these Nats perfect their apparent impersonation of the 1990s-2000s Atlanta Braves (all those division titles and a measly five pennants and one World Series ring to show for them), their fans may yet begin chanting, “Washington—First in war, first in peace, and stopped  with the top of the National League East.”


This is the first of what I hope will be a continuing, periodic series of baseball mythbusting. It’s not that I’m the first guy to bust them, but even when they’ve been busted with evidence enough you can still find enough people practising one of America’s other national pastimes—refusing to let the truth get in the way of a pleasant myth. Or unpleasant myth, depending.

You’d think busting a myth was an affront to all that’s sacred in America, including baseball. But I believe you can debunk baseball bunk without eroding the joy and beauty of the game.

 

 

 

Does the Home Run Derby hurt players?

2019-03-17 AaronJudge2017HRDerby

Aaron Judge, hoisting his 2017 Home Run Derby championship trophy. The Yankee bombardier would rather win baseball games than virtual batting practice hardware.

Apparently, you can’t pay Aaron Judge enough to think about entering this year’s Home Run Derby at the All-Star break. He doesn’t mind wishing and hoping for his Yankees to bust the single-season team home run record they set last year, but taking part in the annual bomb run is something else entirely.

This year’s Home Run Derby champion will receive $1 million, which happens to be $315,000 more than Judge will earn this season. And Judge would be a tempting entrant, since his home runs are customarily the kind of conversation pieces hit by the likes of Hall of Famers Mickey Mantle, Willie McCovey, and Mike Schmidt, not to mention the likes of Frank Howard, Dave Kingman, Greg Luzinski, Darryl Strawberry, Mark McGwire (pre-suspicion), and Frank Thomas.

Judge won the 2017 Home Run Derby. And that’s all, folks, as far as he’s concerned. “The money doesn’t matter,” he tweeted two days ago. “For me, I did it once. I had a blast with it. But I’m more worried about winning games. I don’t want to get hurt again doing a Derby.”

Judge did have shoulder issues in 2017, but when he underwent cartilage cleanup surgery after that season it was revealed that the injury may actually have happened near the beginning of that season. Playing in the Derby may or may not have exacerbated it. In 2017, Judge denied the shoulder was causing him a rougher second half.

But Judge may be right about one thing: going to and winning the Home Run Derby may be hazardous to a player’s second half baseball health. There have been 34 Home Run Derby champions since the event premiered in 1985, including six won by Hall of Famers if you count Ken Griffey, Jr.’s back-to-back Derby championships in 1998-99. And one shy of half those champions had lesser second than first halves of their Derby-championship seasons, marked in red:

  Before Home Run Derby After Home Run Derby
PLAYER OPS TB OPS TB
Dave Parker .891 177 .944 173
Wally Joyner .779 127 .830 144
Darryl Strawberry .769 94 .941 147
Andre Dawson* .905 188 .886 165
Eric Davis .948 117 .948 133
Ryne Sandberg* .992 203 .820 141
Cal Ripken, Jr.* 1.001 190 .881 178
Mark McGwire .966 176 .977 97
Juan Gonzalez 1.023 181 .974 158
Frank Thomas* 1.143 150 .989 149
Barry Bonds .998 184 1.191 134
Tino Martinez .989 205 .897 138
Ken Griffey, Jr.* 1.061 234 .876 153
Ken Griffey, Jr.* 1.024 206 .882 143
Sammy Sosa .962 194 1.138 189
Luis Gonzalez 1.108 203 1.125 216
Jason Giambi 1.032 189 1.035 146
Garret Anderson .943 221 .807 124
Miguel Tejada .863 174 .929 175
Bobby Abreu .955 170 .787 109
Ryan Howard .923 184 1.259 199
Vladimir Guerrero* .962 170 .935 144
Justin Morneau .903 187 .831 124
Prince Fielder 1.055 189 .967 167
David Ortiz .933 134 .867 140
Robinson Cano .863 176 .905 156
Prince Fielder .885 162 1.006 145
Yoenis Cespedes .713 129 .769 105
Yoenis Cespedes .750 128 .752 142
Todd Frazier .922 200 .664 108
Giancarlo Stanton .823 138 .800 64
Aaron Judge 1.139 208 .939 132
Bryce Harper .833 153 .972 120

* Hall of Famer.

(Codicils: 1) The 1988 Home Run Derby was cancelled due to rain. 2) Ken Griffey, Jr. won the 1994 Home Run Derby, but since the season was shortened by the strike, we don’t have a true complete second half to measure, so I didn’t include it above.)

You notice that only Sammy Sosa, Barry Bonds, Ryan Howard, and Prince Fielder went from a pre-Derby -1.000 OPS to a post-Derby +1.000 OPS in a Derby-winning season. And, that only Luis Gonzalez and Jason Giambi had pre- and post-Derby OPSs of +1.000 while increasing the second half OPS even slightly. And, that Eric Davis is the only Home Run Derby champ to have the same OPS in the first and second halves of his Derby-winning season.

Strawberry also showed the largest bump in second-half total bases of any of the Derby champs with a whopping 53. Behind him for total bases bumps in the second halves of their Derby titles are Wally Joyner (17), Eric Davis (16), Luis Gonzalez (16), Ryan Howard (15), Yoenis Cespedes (14) in his second of back-to-back Derby championships; Luis Gonzalez (13), David Ortiz (6), and Miguel Tejada (1). Cespedes, by the way, has the lowest back-to-back pre- and post-Derby championship OPSs.

(And just how good was Ryan Howard in 2006, when he led his league in home runs, runs batted in, and total bases, not to mention winning the National League’s Most Valuable Player award? His second-half OPS jumped the highest of any Derby winner in the second half, ever: an out-of-this-galaxy 336 points. Barry Bonds in 1996 has to settle for the second-highest second-half jump with a mere 193 points. Behind Bonds are Sosa [+176], Strawberry [+172], and Prince Fielder [+121].)

If Aaron Judge wanted to say the Home Run Derby injures a player physically or leaves him more injury prone in the second half, I’m not really seeing an overwhelming case for that. But if he wanted to say partaking in or winning the Derby has a measurable impact otherwise on the rest of a player’s season, the evidence adduced above suggests it’s about a 50-50 proposition so far.

And Judge is absolutely right about being more concerned with his team winning on the season and to get to the postseason than whether he or any other Yankee or any other player partakes in or wins a Home Run Derby. Joe and Jane Fan may get a big bang out of watching the Derby but who’s going to be the first to bitch when a Derby winner or the field of Derby swingers comes up lesser in the second half when their teams might be in a pennant race?

The Home Run Derby is barely more than showcased batting practise. The All-Star Game is at least a baseball game, even if it is a little bit on the stupid side for managers to make pitching changes during rallies in a bloody exhibition game.

We speak often enough of the common good of the game not being the same thing as making money for the owners or the players. Sometimes the common good of the game isn’t the same thing giving the fans a transitory kick, either.

But Joe and Jane Fan won’t hesitate, either, when you ask them which they’d really prefer: a guy winning the Home Run Derby, or a guy hitting the home run that nails his team’s advance to or in the postseason. If only Joe and Jane Fan could reconcile that to their game-compromising itch for perpetual motion and cheap thrills.

Bill Henry, patron saint

 

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The patron saint of the single-hitter pitching specialist, on his 1966 baseball card.

Baseball isn’t necessarily broken, but between them commissioner Rob Manfred and the players’ union have agreed to a few fixes. One of them is aimed at putting an end to the supposed rash of relief pitchers assigned to get rid of a single batter, starting next season.

Never mind that, as Jayson Stark has exhumed, only one pitcher in 2018 had twenty or more assignments in which he was asked to get rid of a single hitter—now-former Mets reliever Jerry Blevins. Stark also unearthed that only five other pitchers last year (he didn’t identify them as I write) had fifteen or more single-batter assignments.

In essence, the single-batter relief pitcher doesn’t poke his nose out of his bullpen hole quite as often as you might think, lately, and as baseball’s hysterics would have you believe. Nor was it yet another creation of this supposedly wild and crazy 21st century in which the Sacred Game is rent this or that way by modernistic geek interlopers bent on keeping us up all night.

But the three-batter minimum, something I first thought seemed sound, will have its major problems. Especially if a pitcher freshly installed doesn’t have his best and finds his first two batters slapping him silly, perhaps because he was gassed going in after being warmed up in the pen injudiciously or for too long before he was brought in (and that’s before the eight warmups on the mound), perhaps after coming in with men on base and a game on the line.

Fourteen years ago, a Hardball Times writer named Steve Treder sketched out a kind of history of the lefthanded one-out guy—known popularly by the LOOGY acronym—and traced it back to 1960 and the Kansas City Athletics. First, however, Treder offered a reasonable definition:

[H]e’s brought in to face, if not a single dangerous left-handed hitter, then at least a part of the lineup containing a key lefty, or two or more lefties. Very often this is in a fairly high-leverage game circumstance, rarely before the fifth or sixth inning. Sometimes LOOGYs are deployed in the ninth, but rarely are they used in Save situations. Very rarely are they left in for much more than a single inning.

LOOGYs are selected for the role primarily on the basis of their particular effectiveness against left-handed batters — or, to be less kind, on the basis of their particular ineffectiveness against right-handed batters. They’re often long and lanky types, with snaky sidewinding deliveries.

Treder defined such a pitching season as the specialist appearing in twenty games or more (hello, Mr. Blevins), fewer than 1.1 innings per gig, and lower than a twenty percent save situation factor. He prowled the data and discovered 799 pitching seasons within those coordinates through 2004, the first of which was delivered by Leo Kiely.

Kiely was a six-year veteran of the Red Sox bullpen before he was traded to the Indians (for a spare part named Ray Webster) in January 1960 and to the A’s (for former Yankee Rookie of the Year pitcher Bob Grim) in April of that year. Kiely was a soft-tossing junkballer who appeared in twenty games, pitched twenty and two-thirds innings, pitched as much to his defense as anything else, and showed a 1.74 earned run average for his effort.

Naturally, the A’s let him go in June 1960, and Kiely never appeared in the Show again. A wisenheimer might suggest he was simply too good at his job to fit the profile of that sad-sack team. But Kiely was the unlikely prototype of his breed. Two years later, three American League pitchers were given similar job descriptions and assignments: Dean Stone (White Sox, after coming in a trade with the Colt .45s), Bob Allen (a sophomore Indian), and Jack Spring (Angels).

Angels manager Bill Rigney made Spring the first multiple-season single-batter specialist when he gave Spring the same job in 1963. The type turned up here and there the next couple of seasons, but in mid-1965 the Reds traded a tall lefthanded reliever to the Giants and gave Giants manager Herman Franks an idea.

Franks belongs in the Hall of Infamy for his role in Leo Durocher’s then-high tech sign-stealing scheme that ignited the 1951 Giants’ pennant race comeback to force the three-game playoff. (Franks was the coach wielding utility infielder Hank Schenz’s Wollensak spyglass and buzzing the stolen signs to the bullpen where they’d be transmitted to the Giants hitters who wanted them.) But he also belongs in the Hall of Unlikely Innovation for what he did with Bill Henry.

Henry was the classic tall, quiet Texan who was so reserved his teammates nicknamed him Gabby and Jim Bouton, in Ball Four, would describe Henry thus: “When you say hello to him, he’s stuck for an answer.”

He’d been a key element in the 1961 Reds’ surprise pennant, teaming with their resident journalist Jim Brosnan to form a formidable enough one-two punch out of the pen. Now he was a 37-year-old veteran, with an effective curve ball and an equally sharp sinker and a facility for throwing double play balls, and after the Giants finished out a tight 1965 pennant race against the Dodgers, to which Henry contributed four saves, Franks decided to give him a new job.

In 1966 and 1967, Henry pitched 43.2 innings in 63 games, with an ERA of 2.27 and a fielding-independent pitching rate at 3.50; Henry was better at taking care of business without his fielders in 1967. Arguably, Henry’s 1965-67 stretch with the Giants was the best three-season stretch of his long and quietly distinguished relief career. But the backside of his 1968 Topps baseball card said it all:

2019-03-14 BillHenryBaseballCard

Henry began to show his age in 1968; he ended up spending that season between the Giants and the Pirates, to whom he was sold that June and from whom he was released two months later. The Astros signed him in May 1969; in June he pitched his final pair of major league gigs in both ends of a doubleheader: 2.1 scoreless in the opening loss; two scoreless in the winning nightcap.

Even with Henry’s success in San Francisco, it still took some time before the hard-core single-hitter pitching specialist took deeper hold than in his and the earlier years of the 1960s. And, to come not from the ranks of aging veterans or marginal prospects.

Ed Vande Berg was a Mariners lefthander who set a record for rookie appearances in 1982 (78) and who was as hard core those two seasons as Henry was with the Giants with more appearances than innings pitched. Vande Berg was also very effective in the role: his ERA for those two seasons was 2.87; his FIP was 3.33. “[H]e was a prime prospect out of Arizona State who had blown through the minors in a season and a half,” Treder wrote, “and been installed as a full-time LOOGY the moment he arrived in the majors.”

Then, in 1984, the Mariners changed managers, from Rene Lachemann to Del Crandall, and Crandall made a mistake: he moved Vende Berg into the starting rotation. Vande Berg was out of his element as a starter and he was returned to the bullpen for one more LOOGY season that wasn’t as effective as his first two. He moved to the Dodgers in the deal that made a Dodger out of Steve Yeager; then, to the Indians and the Rangers, but he was never again the pitcher he was in his first two Seattle seasons.

By the time Vande Berg’s career ended, the single-batter specialist started taking further and further hold. There were 131 such seasons between 1960 and 1986, Treder noted, by once-familiar names as Paul Assenmacher, Danny Coombs, Ken Dayley, Joe Grzenda*, Al Hrabosky, Al Jackson, Jimmy Key (presumably before he became one of the American League’s premier starting pitchers), Paul Lindblad*, and John O’Donoghue.

But as Treder also noted, the hardest of the hard cores, Bill Henry’s grandchildren, began to turn up in the early 1990s, with Assenmacher, John Candelaria (once a promising starter), Jason Christiansen, Mike Holtz, Mike Myers, and Jesse Orosco (once a particularly effective closer). From 1987-2004 there were 191 single-batter pitching seasons to be seen.

Myers, who proved one of the bullpen keys to the 2004 Red Sox’s at-long-last return to the Promised Land, and who threw sidearm but looked like a telephone pole about to collapse as he threw, has the most such seasons of any of Bill Henry’s grandchildren: ten.

Henry himself finally called it a career in 1969. He stayed in the Houston area, raising his family and working as a longshoreman before retiring to a pleasant suburban life with his wife and surviving an unlikely amusement in 2007—when the paid obituary for a Bill Henry in Florida prompted a notice in the paper’s sports section the next day, which the wires picked up and spread until a Society for American Baseball Research writer got hold of the former pitcher to verify he was still alive and well . . . and dryly amused.

Henry also made a point of telephoning the man’s widow, who’d been smothered with phone calls when it was believed her husband was one and the same as the former relief pitcher. “He wasn’t really upset about it,” his daughter-in-law once told a reporter. “He kind of laughed about it.”

The quiet man did have his moments, though. Jim Brosnan, writing in Pennant Race, told a story about an 18 April 1961 game against the Giants, with the Giants’ Mike McCormick and the Reds’ Jim O’Toole having a pitcher’s duel, and the bullpen looking to amuse themselves with a few whacky bets, when spare part Hal Bevan finally challenged: “There’s too damn much noise down here. A guy can’t even think.”

He suggested himself, Brosnan, and catcher Jerry Zimmermann clam up. Brosnan takes it from there:

I was more than willing. Conversation sharpens the ache of a hangover. “First guy to say anything buys the beer after the game,” I said.

Silence reigned. Uneasily. “Gabby” Henry wouldn’t join the bet and it amazed me how loud his few comments on life and the game could sound.

Late in the game, a fly ball was hit toward us. Harvey Kuenn, playing right field for the Giants, came running for it. Apparently Kuenn was going to have to run right into the wall to get the ball, but no word of warning was sounded. The ball drifted back into the field and Kuenn, stumbling in front of our bench, caught it.

“Christ, let a guy know somethin’!” he yelled at us. No one said a word.

“That’s sickening!” said Henry, shaking his head. “You three guys’d let a man get killed just so you could win a bet!”

Three grinning faces nodded in agreement. 

Henry himself died of heart trouble seven years later after he’d had to affirm that the report of his death was somewhat exaggerated. He pitched quietly, lived quietly, seems to have been loved and respected by anyone who knew him. And he was the hard-core patron saint of the single-batter pitching specialist today’s baseball fan thinks was a 21st century plot to overthrow the great and glorious game, and today’s baseball governors think need to be retired somewhat permanently.


* Joe Grzenda and Paul Lindblad hold a curious and sad place in baseball history: Grzenda was trying to save a win for Lindblad in the final home game in Washington Senators history. He never got to finish the save.

With the Senators leading 7-5 and two outs, Grzenda never got to pitch to the Yankees’ Horace Clarke. Heartsick fans exploded onto the field to vandalise it for souvenirs and, perhaps, outrage over the team leaving for Texas. The umpires declared a forfeit to the Yankees.

Over three decades later, when the Montreal Expos moved to Washington to become the Nationals, Grzenda was invited to throw out a ceremonial first pitch—and he did it with the ball he saved from that final Senators game, the ball he would have pitched to Clarke if not for the fan riot.

Just enjoy the coming season

2019-03-13 GeorgeSpringer

George Springer fully recovered should be big for this year’s Astros, among other things to look forward to . . .

A few almost idle comments on my podcast last weekend to the contrary, I really have no interest in predicting how baseball season to come will transpire. Other than to say that it’ll be fun to watch, and fun to analyse, on human and statistical terms alike, I am strictly obedient to Berra’s Law: It ain’t over until it’s over. Even the known tankers are liable to burp a surprise or two out.

I’m looking forward to watching the Mets’ Jacob deGrom, the defending Cy Young Award winner, tangle with the Nationals’ Max Scherzer on Opening Day. If it’s not quite the equal of a hypothetical Opening Day contest between Juan Marichal and Sandy Koufax, or Tom Seaver and Steve Carlton, or Randy Johnson and Greg Maddux, it’ll probably be as close as it gets. So, barring injury or performance relapses, will deGrom’s and Scherzer’s season to come.

I’m looking forward to seeing whether the Red Sox—defending world champions for the fourth time this century—really do have a second consecutive run to the Promised Land in them, since they didn’t do that much to reinforce themselves over the winter but have the hard core of their World Series winner intact and very much in good enough shape.

I’m looking forward to seeing whether the Dodgers take the seventh consecutive National League West title the rest of the world seems to think is theirs for the taking; and, if they do, whether they’ll get back to the World Series a third straight season but get back to the Promised Land at last. Or, whether they’ll take yet another trip to the mountaintop, get a grand panoramic view, and then take yet another nasty kick off the edge to the rocks below.

I’m looking forward to seeing just what Bryce Harper will really mean to the Phillies this season, never mind the rest of his baseball life, and what Manny Machado will really mean to the Padres this season. I’m also looking forward to seeing how the like of Patrick Corbin (Nationals), Edwin Diaz (Mets), Paul Goldschmidt (Cardinals), Sonny Gray (Reds), Matt Harvey (Angels), Adam Jones (Diamondbacks), Andrew Miller (Cardinals), Charlie Morton (Rays), Hunter Pence (Rangers), Yasiel Puig (Reds),  and Troy Tulowitzki (Yankees) do in their new homes.

I’m looking forward to seeing whether Kris Bryant (Cubs) and George Springer (Astros) have overcome their injury issues fully enough to return as the formidable threats they’ve been in the past. Baseball’s even more fun when players such as those two are at the top of their game.

I’m looking forward to seeing whether Justin Verlander’s reunion with his changeup will keep him formidable even as his Astros seem on paper to have the continuing title to the American League West. And, to seeing Alex Bregman continue to shake off last year’s catch of the season at his expense and solidify himself as Matt Chapman’s competition for the title of baseball’s current best all-around third baseman.

I’m looking forward to seeing whether Aaron Judge gets his wish and the Yankees smash their own freshly-set record for team home runs in a season. And, whether (as I examined very recently) it means concurrently that the Empire Emeritus returns to the Promised Land at last.

I’m looking forward to seeing how long the Blue Jays continue to hold out on promoting Vladimir Guerrero, Jr. to the Show, even allowing that they got the perfect excuse to start his season in the minors thanks to the oblique injury he suffered last week.

I’m looking forward to seeing whether baseball’s experiment with the independent Atlantic League trying out a few proposed new rule changes, some of them viable and some just plain cockamamie, shows the changes to be either as reasonable as some seem to be and as ridiculous as others seem. Especially, on the cockamamie side, those born of abject ignorance and willful blindness.

I’m looking forward to seeing whether this year’s imposition of a single trading deadling (31 July) and elimination of the 31 August waiver trade deadline really will force teams to assess and concentrate on their actual team and organisational depth.

I’m looking forward to a somewhat wild National League East race and a reasonably interesting National League Central race, especially with the Reds having remodeled so intriguingly in the off-season and the Cardinals hoping their reinforcements mean they might stay the distance this year. And, whether the surprisingly remodeled Twins really have what it takes to dump the Indians in the otherwise nothing-special American League Central.

I’m looking forward to seeing whether the Angels have really awakened enough to put on the field a team their best player, who happens to have been baseball’s best player from almost the absolute beginning of his major league career, can be proud of at last. And, if they do or they think they do, whether they’ll move to make him an Angel for life before he succumbs to the whispers from Harper and others about making the rest of his baseball life an hour from his native New Jersey soil.

I’m looking forward to seeing The Mariano, Edgar Martinez, Mike Mussina, the late Roy Halladay, and Lee Smith inducted into the Hall of Fame come July; and, to seeing how many more people hold their noses when Harold Baines is inducted than when Jack Morris was.

I’m looking forward to the Mets’ golden anniversary celebration of their 1969 miracle World Series winner, even with the sorrow that Hall of Famer Tom Seaver can’t be part of it except in spirit. And I still hope baseball finds a way to join the Reds commemorating their 1919 World Series winner and saying, at long enough last, “You could have and might have won that Series if it was played entirely straight, no chaser.” Well, I can dream, can’t I?

And, I’m looking forward to seeing some games in the new Las Vegas Ballpark, the new home of Las Vegas’s Triple-A minor league team, formerly the 51s and now renamed the Aviators (in honour of the one-time aviator whose corporation bought the team), and now the AAA affiliate of the Athletics.

A baseball game in Cashman Field may have been fun, but the park itself was rather like sitting in a AAA version of the Polo Grounds when the embryonic Mets played there: ramshackle, despite the pleasantry of the mist sprayers above the seats surrounding the home plate area on the brutally baking summer days that mark summertime Las Vegas equal to the washing lights of the nighttime Strip. Las Vegas Ballpark, due to be completed by Opening Day, looks to be a near-perfect place to watch a game.

I have tickets for the Aviators’ third game of the season, finishing a set against the Sacramento River Cats, whose major league parents are the Giants. The A’s may offer up another surprise American League West contention; the kindest thing you can say for this year’s Giants so far is that, well, they’ll show up, do their best with what they have, and hope for a good draft and maybe a trade deadline possibility that continues a badly needed farm replenishment. In manager Bruce Bochy’s announced final season on the bridge, those three World Series championships in that five-season span look almost as far in the rear view mirror as Pontiac.

Meanwhile, I’m also looking forward to what happens this season for one of the great nickname possibilities in baseball—young Nationals middle infielder Carter Kieboom. He’s hit three home runs this spring training, two against the wind. A season full of blasts such as those and any time someone hollers kaboom! over this or that explosion it means free publicity for him.